![]() Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. The snake goddess (c.1600 BC) in Heraklion Archaeological Museum Antiquity Between 16 BC, the port was destroyed by a volcanic tsunami from nearby Santorini, leveling the region and covering it with ash. Knossos had a port at the site of Heraklion (in the Poros-Katsambas neighborhood) from the beginning of the Early Minoan period (3500 to 2100 BC). Heraklion is close to the ruins of the palace of Knossos, which in Minoan times was the largest centre of population on Crete. History Knossos is located within the Municipality of Heraklion and has been called Europe's oldest city Minoan era The ancient name Ηράκλειον was revived in the 19th century and comes from the nearby Roman port of Heracleum (" Heracles's city"), whose exact location is unknown. Īfter the Byzantine reconquest of Crete, the city was locally known as Megalo Kastro ( Μεγάλο Κάστρο, 'Big Castle' in Greek) and its inhabitants were called Kastrinoi (Καστρινοί, "castle-dwellers"). This was hellenized as Χάνδαξ ( Chándax) or Χάνδακας ( Chándakas) and Latinized as Candia, which was taken into other European languages: in Italian and Latin as Candia, in French as Candie, in English as Candy, all of which could refer to the island of Crete as a whole as well as to the city alone the Ottoman name was Kandiye. The Arab traders from al-Andalus (Iberia) who founded the Emirate of Crete moved the island's capital from Gortyna to a new castle they called rabḍ al-ḫandaq ( Arabic: ربض الخندق, "Castle of the Moat") in the 820s. According to the ranking, Heraklion was ranked as the 20th most visited region in Europe, as the 66th area on the planet and as the 2nd in Greece for the year 2017, with 3.2 million visitors and the 19th in Europe for 2018, with 3.4 million visitors. ![]() Heraklion was Europe's fastest growing tourism destination for 2017, according to Euromonitor, with an 11.2% growth in international arrivals. ![]() The Bronze Age palace of Knossos, also known as the Palace of Minos, is located 5.5 km (3.1m) southeast of the city. The population of the municipality was 177,064. It is the fourth largest city in Greece with a population of 211,370 (Urban Area) according to the 2011 census. Heraklion or Iraklion ( / h ɪ ˈ r æ k l i ə n/ hih- RAK-lee-ən Greek: Ηράκλειο, Irákleio, pronounced ) is the largest city and the administrative capital of the island of Crete and capital of Heraklion regional unit. ![]()
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